Group A consists of the values {1,2,3,9} and Group B consists of {5,6,7,8}.
(a) Compute the mean of each group.
(b) Now move the element 5 from Group B to Group A. Recompute the mean of each group. Verify that both means have increased.
(c) The overall mean across all 8 values is unchanged. Prove the following general statement: if an element is moved from group B to group A, and the element's value x satisfies Aˉ<x<Bˉ (where Aˉ,Bˉ are the pre-move group means), then both post-move group means strictly exceed their pre-move values.
(d) A medical study reports that a new diagnostic technology has improved average survival time in both Stage I and Stage II cancer patients, yet overall survival is unchanged. Explain how this is possible without any actual improvement in treatment.