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Robust Adjacent Matches in Dice Rolls

题目

Roll a fair six-sided die nn times independently, producing a sequence D1,D2,,DnD_1, D_2, \dots, D_n. An adjacent match occurs at position ii (for 1in11 \le i \le n - 1) if Di=Di+1D_i = D_{i+1}. Find the expected number of adjacent matches.

Additional robustness twist: before observation, an independent random relabeling of outcome labels is applied. Compute the same target and justify invariance.

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