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393概率中等multi partmedium

Sum of Squares of Two Standard Normals

题目

Let X1,X2iid N(0,1)X_1, X_2 \sim \text{iid } N(0,1). Define R=X12+X22R = X_1^2 + X_2^2.

(a) Switching to polar coordinates (X1,X2)=(rcosθ,rsinθ)(X_1, X_2) = (r\cos\theta, r\sin\theta), derive the joint density of (R,Θ)(R, \Theta) where R=X12+X22R = X_1^2 + X_2^2 and Θ=arctan(X2/X1)\Theta = \arctan(X_2/X_1).

(b) Marginalize over Θ\Theta to find the PDF of RR and identify its distribution.

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